Machine for producing containers and parts thereof



septzs, i945. @.T. BREWER 4 2,385,504A

MACHINE FOR PRODUCING CONTANERS AND PARTS THEREOF ATTORNEY Segp. 25, w45. c. T. BREWER 2,385,604

MACHINE FOR PRODUCING CONTAINERS AND PARTSy` THEREOF l Filed June 2, 1958 14 sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR CLARENCE TBREWER ATTORNEY Sept. 25, W45.

c. T. BREWER 2,385,664

MACHINE FOR PRODUGING CONTAINERS AND PARTS THEREOF Filed June 2, 1938 14 Sheets-Sheet 3.

INVENTOR CLARENCE 7.' BREWER ATTORNEY' sem. 25, i945,.-

c; T. BREWER 2,385,604

MACHINE FOR PRODUCING CONTAINERS AND PARTS THEREOF 14 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 2, 1958 INVENTOR CLARE/V05 .TBREWER ATTORNEY Sept 25,1945. c T. BREWER 2,385,604

MACHINE FOR PRODUCIG CONTAINERS AND PARTS THEREOF v Filed June 2, 1958 14 sheets-sheets INVENTOR CLARENCE TBREWER ATTORNEY www Sept. 25, 1945.

c. T. BREWER 2,385,604

MACHINE FOR PRODUCING CONTAINERS AND PARTS THEREOF Filed June 2, 1958 y 14 Sheets-Shea? 6 INVENTOR CLARENCE 7 BREWER ATTORNEY Sept. 25, 1945. c. T. BREWER 2,385,504

MACHINE FOR PRODUCING CONTAINERS AND `PARTS THEREOF lFiled. June 2, 1958 14 Sheets-Sheet 7 www ATTORNEY Sept. 25, 1945. c.- T. BREWER 2,385,504

MACHINE FOR PRoDUoxNG CONTAINERS AND PARTS THEREOF Filed Junr-zI 2, 1958 14 Sheets-Sheet 8 INVENTOR CLARENCE 7. BRE' WER ATTQRNEY C. T. BREWER Sept. 25, 1945. 2,385,604 MACHINE 'FOR PRODUC'ING 'CONTAINERS AND PARTS THEREOF l Filed June 2, 19558` 14 Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENTOR CLARE/VCE 7. BREWER BY L/ ATTORNEY Sept. 25, 1945. c; T. BREWER MACHINE Foa PRomJcING CONTAINERS AND PARTS THEREOF Fi'led June 2,

Y1938 14 Sheets-Sheet 10 NVENTQR @AREA/0E BREWER ATTORNEY v Sept. 25, 1945. c. T. BREWER FledJune 2, 1938 I 14 Sheets-Sheet ll v fo 7 TIII I NV E N TO R CLARENCE T. BREWER ATTORNEY sept. 25,1945. c. T. BREWER 2,385,604A

MACHINE FOR PRODUCING CONTAINERS ND P ARTS THEREOF Filed June 2, 1958 14 Sheng-sheet 12 :Zig E- 39 438 CLARE/VCE Z' BREWER V l INVENTOR ATTORNEY sept.' 25, 1945.

MACHI All c. T. BREWER l 2,385,604

NE FOR PRODUCING CONTAINERS AND PARTS THEREOF Filed Jne 2, 1958 14 Sheets-Sheet 15 ATTORNEY- Sept. 25, 1945. C. T. BREWER 2,385,604

y MACHINE FOR PRODUCING CONTAINERS AND PARTS THEREOF l Filed June 2, 1938 14 Sheet-Shet 14 INVENTOR GLA/@ENCE T BREWER AT TORNEY Patented Sept. 25,1945v 'v i MACHINE FQR PRODUCING CONTAINERS AND PARTS THEREOF Clarence T. Brewer, Chicago, Ill., assignor to Dixie Cup Company, a corporation of Dela- Ware Applicashun June 2,1938, serial No. 211,337

(c1. ca -36.2)

46 Claims.

. This invention relates to a machine for antomatically producing containers or parts thereof from sheet stock, such es paper or other similar workable material, and more particularly to such a machine of improved design and construction which reduces the necessity of handling material or stock and efliciently operates at high speed.

In machines of the type disclosed herein,' it is important mechanically and otherwise to minimize the number of reciprocating and intermit tently operating parts, as well as to reduce the necessity of manually handling the stock or iinshed containers. From the mechanical standpoint, both time and energy are wasted in the stopping or slowing down and restar-.ting of any intermittently operating parts of the machine itself or the stock carried thereby. The stopping or slowing down and restarting of intermittently operating parts also increases'wear on, and more highly stresses, those and other parts of the machine at high speed. Manual handling or movement of stock or parts is undesirable from the standpoints of sanitation, cleanliness and efciency.

In describing and deiinlng the machine disclosed herein and the operation thereof in the specication and claims. which follow, it will be understood that the term "cement covers not only gluing, pasteing or using an adhesive, but also includes welding as accomplished with materials bonded by the application of heat, and mechanically bonding. as by crimping, unless the particular type of cementing is dened or denoted. Furthermore, it is understood that the term .containers is not only applicable to cone cups, but is also applicable to parts of containers,

p such as tapered side walls for containers which may well be made on a machine embodying the principles disclosed and de'ned herein.

vI1; is anj object of this invention to provide a machine through which sheet stock, preferably such as that from a roll of predetermined width, is passed with continuous and substantially uniform motion to cut blanks of predetermined shape from the stock, form the blanks into containers and cement .the said containers as formed.

i Another object of this invention is to provide a machine for making paper containers, in which machine practically all of the parts operate with continuous and substantially uniform motion to ment.

thereby minimize the number of reciprocating and intermittently operated parts.

Another object of this invention is to provide a machine for making containers from sheet stock, in which machine the stock progresses with Another object of this invention is to provide a machine for producing conical containers, which machine includes forming instrumentalities so constructed and arranged that the containers produced thereby are of uniform high quality and free of flaws.`-V

Another object of this invention is to provide a machine for making containers from sheet stock, which machine includes certain adjustable and interchangeable parts which make possible,

the changing of the size and shape of the blanks from which the containers are formed and the size and shape of the containers.

Another object of this invention is to provide a machine for making containers from sheet stock which includes a means for applying cement to a. predetermined portion of the stock and means forphasing the portions to which the cement is applied with respect to the container blanks that are cut from the stock.

Another object of this invention is to provide a machine for completely producing conical containers from sheet stock at high speed, the moving parts of which machine are actuated by a single prime mover.

Another object of this invention is to provide a machine for producing containers at high speed, ejecting and stacking the containers with a minimum of handling of the stock and containers.

Another object of this invention is to provide a machine for producing containers from sheet stock which includes parts adjustable to com- Pensate for variations anddiierences in stock thickness.

Another object of this invention is to provide a machine for making paper containers at high speed which includes a centaine;` forming mechanism eomprehending a plurality of similar forming mandrels; and a feeding mechanism for successively feeding stock to the mandrels as the mandrels and stock continue in motion.

Another object of thisinvention is to provide a machine for producing containers which includes a forming mandrel upon which the con,v

tainers are formed and a continuallyoperating shear for trimming an edge of the containers as they are formed.

Another object of this-invention is to provide a machine for producing containers that are clean and sanitary. p

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the vfollowing description, reference being had to the Aaccompanying `substantially on a line turret head 2. an unwinder 3,V

ing for a prime drawinsawhereln a preferred embodiment of the invention is clearly described and illustrated.

In the drawings:

Figs. 1 and2 are respectively front and side elevations of an assembled machine which comprises a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are fragmentary diagrammatic views of certain parts of the machine shown in Figs. land 2 which illustrate the relation between those parts and the sequence of operations thereof.

Fig. '1 is a fragmentary view of a portion of the machine shown portions thereof cut away.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a portion of the machine taken substantially on a line 8-8 of Fig. 1 and in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially on a line 9-9 of Fig. 8 and in the direction of the arrows.

Figs. 10 and 11 are isometricviews of certain parts of the machine.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary view looking down on the top of the machine and having a portion cut away and a section taken substantially on the lines I2I2 of Fig. 8.

Figs. 13 and 14 are respectively fragmentary side and top elevations of a portion of the machine. f

Fig. l5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken I5-I5 of Fig.- 13 and in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 16 is a section taken substantially on a 13 and in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 17 is a section taken substantially on a line I1-I1 of Fig. the arrows. i

Fig. 18 is a fragmentary sectional view taken 13 and in the direction of' in Figs. l and 2 having substantially on a line I3-I6 of Fig. 13 and in the direction of thearrows. Figs. 19 and r20 are respectively fragmentary sectional and plan views of a portion of the machine.

Throughout the specification, like reference numerals refer tosimilar parts that perform similar functions. .Y

Figs-1 and 2 show the general arrangement and construction of a preferred embodiment of a machine for producing containers from sheet stock, the particular preferred arrangement of the component parts of which will be explained with respect Ato' these and other gures of the drawings. A base I provides a support' fora and an adjustable gimbally mounted roller 4, and provides a housmoverI 5 which is preferably an electric motor. y The turret head 2 includes a forming mechanism 6 and has adjustably secured thereto a feeding mechanism 1 and a stacker l. The forming mechanism 6 is driven from a main drive 9. and the feeding mechanism 1 is also driven from the main drive 9 througha feeder drive Il. .A stacker mechanism II is also driven -by the feeder drive III.

The prime mover 5 is mounted on a supportv I2 that is preferably secured to an auxiliary pulley y housing I3; the pulley housing I3 being removably secured to `the base I,.

'Ihe main drive 3 includes a pulley I,4 which is secured to a rotatpreferably a belt. A hand wheel I8 is secured to the end of the main drive shaft I5 to provide Q belt I1. Another housing 2| extends between the Ahousing 20 and the pulley housing I3.

The unwinder 3 is preferably mounted on the back of the base I and extends outwardly from the base opposite the pulle housing I3. Inthis unwinder, a roll of sheet s ock 23 is clamped between flanged core centers 24 and 25, which core centers secure the roll of sheetstock 23 to an unwinder shaft 26 that is substantially freely rotatable. The clamping of the roll of sheet stock between the flanged core centers 24 and 25 is effected by a manually operable member 21 that is threaded into the end' of the shaft 26. The unwinder shaft 26 is supported by bearings which are enclosed in a housing 2B; the housing 28 preferably being adjustable with respect to the -base I and in a direction parallel to the axis of the rshaft 26 to vary the position of the roll of sheet stock 23 with respect to the base I. .The hous' ing 23 also preferably includes bearings for ful-v 30. An` idle roller 33 is rotatably secured to the take-up lever 30 at a distance from the fulcrum support therefor and in substantial alignment with the roll of stock 23. The take-up lever 30 is spring biased in one direction,l by va link mechanism, not shown, to a conventional type of shoe brake indicated at 35, so that movement of mal bias releases'the brake to reduce the `resistance to the movement of the unwinder shaft 26. This action of the take-up lever and brake main tains constant tension on the stock.

Sheet stock from the roll' 23 passes overthe idle roller 33 on the take-up lever 30 and under the adjustably supported and gimbally mounted idle roller 4 to the feeding mechanism 1. The ad-v justably supported and gimbally mounted roller 4 supports the stock in proper relation to the feeder, so as to maintain tension between the stock roll and the feeder, which tension-is kept uniform by the take-up lever and brake. To accomplish the adjustable mounting of the gimbally mounted roller 4. a support arm 38 is secured to the base I and is slidably adjustable with respect to the base I in a channeled slide 31 that is preferably integral-with the base. The position of the armA 36 is determined by adjustment of a thumb screw 39. The extending end of the support arm has a bearing at 40 which receives a shaft that extends from a bracket 42 to provide a fulcru'm mounting for the said bracket. The bracket 42 ably supported main drive shaft I5. A pulley,

` I5 is secured to the shaft of' the prime-mover 5. and the pulley I4 is drivingly connected to the pulley I6 by a driving element I1 whichis has a bearing at 43in which a shaft that extends from .a yoke 45 is4 fulcrumed.` The axis about whichy the yoke 45 is fulcrumed is preferably substantially at right angles to the axis about vwhichthe bracket 42 is fulcrumed. The yoke 45 has bearings at 46 which rotatably suDDOrtthe roller` 4. To assist in obtaining freedom of movement of the bracket respective fulcrums. it is preferable that the fulcrum axes of the bracket 42 and yoke 45 intersect at the center of gravity of the.rolle'r 4,v and Y that a counterweight 4I of proper mass is se cured to the end of the bracket 42 to effect proper and is connected the take-up lever against the nors 42 and yoke 45 about their balance for the rotation of the bracket and yoke about the fulcrum bearing 40.

The turret head 2 includes a turret housing 50 which is preferably removably secured to the base and which preferably includes Aan integral projecting housing portion 5|. Aturret housing cover plate 52 having an opening-53 therein is held in position against a face 54 of the turret housing 50 by a clamping ring 55 and cooperating screws or other suitable fastening means as indicated at 56. The opening 53 in the housing cover plate 52 provides access to the forming mechanism 6. The stacker 8 is supported adjacent the cover plate 52 by a bracet 59. Also, the feeding mechanism 1 is secured to the cover plate 52 by a bracket 59k that,I is preferably integral with the housing cover plate 52; the feeding mechanism 1 being adjustable with respect to the cover plate 52 and forming mechanism 8 by a structure including the bracket 59 which will be more fully described. The turret housing 50 and turret housing cover plate 52 being preferably substantially circular, the feeding mechanism 1 and stacker 8 'are circumferentially adjustable with respect to the forming mechanism 6 by rotation of the housing cover plate 52 when the screws or fastening means 56 are loosened to permit such rotation. The projecting housing portion 5| has removably secured thereto a bearing support and cover plate 60, a bearing cover plate 6| and a spring housing 62 which will be more fully disclosed and described. Also, a hand Wheel or suitable manually adjustable member 63 is provided for manually adjusting a part of the forming mechanism, as will be more fully described. Pipes or other suitable means 65 and 66 provide communicating passages 'for air pressure below and above normal atmospheric pressure, respectively; and although only partially shown, the

pipe 65 extends to a suitable vacuum pump and the pipe 66 extends to a suitable pressure pump. These pipes communicate with other suitable communicating connections within the lturret' head 2.

The main drive shaft l5 extends through the projecting turret housing portion 5| and into a gearhousing 68 Iwhich encloses gears that comprise a portion of the feeder drive |0-; the main drive shaft l5 being rotatably mounted in bearings Withinv the projecting housing portion 5|. The gearl housing 68 encloses gears which change the direction ofthe transmitted motion from the main drive shaft I5 to a feeder drive shaft 69, 'which feeder drive shaft includes universal joints at 10 and 1| and a coupling unit 12. A portion 'J3 of the shaft 69 is connected by a spline to the coupling unit 12. A joint on a line 15 of the couoling unit provides a means for adjustment for effecting proper timing of the feeding mechanism 'l with respect to the forming mechanism 6. The spline connection b etweenthe portion 13 of the shaft 69 and the coupling unit 12 is provided to effect compensation in the length of the shaft 69 necessitated by adjustment of the position of the feeding mechanism 1'by rotation of the housing cover plate 52 and feeding mechanism 1. A gear housing 16 encloses gears which again change the direction of the drive from the main drive shaft l5 and shaft 69 to drive a feeder drive shaft 18. The feeder drive shaft 18 extends from the gear housing 16 through ythe feeding mechanism 1 'and has a disc or flange 19 mounted on the end thereof to which the stacker mechanism is drivingly connected. -The feeding mechanism 1 has side frames and 8| for supporting the parts thereof and has a Agear housing 82 secured to one side of the side frame 80. A portion 83 of the gear housing 82 which is preferably integral therewith provides an enclosure for the feederdrive shaft 18 and a support for the gear housing 16., To provide compensation for adjustments of the position of the feeding mechanism 1, the gear housing 68 is adjustable with respect to the housing portion 5| by rotation thereof about, the axis oi' the maindrive shaft l5, and the gear housing 16 is adjustable with respect to the housing portion 83 by rotation thereof about the axis of the feeder drive shaft 18. The gear housings 68 and 16 have bearings therein for supporting the shaft 69 and one end of the feeder drive shaft 18.

As illustrated in the diagrammatic illustrations of Figs. 3 and 4, stock from the roll 23 is drawn over the idle roller 33, under the gimbally mounted roller 4 over an idle roller 90, between a driven roller 9| and a driven cement transfer roller 92, over` an adjustably mounted idle roller 93, between the driven roller 9| and a cooperating driven roller .94, between a cutting cylinder 95 and a cooperating driven backing cylinder or anvil roll 96, and then between cooperating driven feeding rollers-).91 and 98 to the forming mechanism 6. As described in connection with Figs. l and 2, the idle roller 33' isrnounted on the take-up lever 30, and this take-up lever 30 is fulcrumed and controls a brake for retarding and controlling the movement of the rollof stock 23. In effecting this control with the brake 35 to keep the paper taut, the position of the roller 33 may shift as .indicated by the dotted lines at 33a and 39h. 'Ihe gimbally mounted roller 4 supports the stock in proper relation to the feeder and keeps the tension Apractically uniform over the width of the surface of the stock. The idle roller urges the stock into engagement with the driven roller 9| which acts as a. backing roller or anvil forthe cement transfer roller 92. The cement 'transfer roller 92 has segments |06 and |0|- of predetermined shape which apply cement to apredetermined portion of the stock, as at |02, while the stock is in motion. The surfaces of the segments |00 and |0| are preferably circumferentially, spirally, diagonally or axially grooved as indicated at |03 to improve the cement transferring action ofthe segments by providing The the length of the loop in the stock and thus phase the spaces |04 between the cemented portions |02 of the stock withf'respect to knives |06 on the cutting cylinder 95. i, The stock is gripped between the driven rollers 9| and 94, so that those rollers transmit the motive power t0v the stock for moving the stock from the roll 23 to the cutting cylinder 95. 'I'he pitch diameter of the cutting cylinder which carries knives |06 is determined by the pitch length of the blank to be cut from the stock and the number of knives used or the number 'of blanks to be cut per revolution of the cutting cylinder. The shape of the knives |06 determintes the shapeof the blanks cut thereby. The cutting cylinder 95 is v cutting cylinder. The collar has an outside diameter such that when the knife |06 contacts the backing roller 96, the Ystock passes freely between the backing cylinder or anvil roll 96 and collar |01. The backing cylinder 'or anvil roll 96 is preferably hardened and is so positioned that it normally engages the stock between the driven rollers 9| and 94 and the feeding rollers 91 and 98. The driven feeding rollers 91 and 98 preferably have their cylindrical surfaces, which contact the stock, covered with rubber or other suitable material having a highgcoefllcient of friclation of foreign substance on the surface of one tion. These driven feeding rollers 91 and 98 grip the stock after it has passed the cutting cylinder 95 and preferably have a higher surface speed than the driven rollers 9| and 94, so as to slightly stress the stock between the rollers 91 and 94. 'I'his increased surface speed of the driven feeding rollers 91 and 98 also effects a separation of acut blank such as |08 from the stock, as indi cated at |09. `The rollers 94 and 91 respectively have portions ||0 and of reduced diameter so. positioned that the cemented portions ofthe stock pass without contacting the rollers. The idle roller 90, driven rollers 9|, 94, 96, 91 and 98 and the cutting cylinder 95 are rotatably supported by the feeder side frames 80 and 8| .as disclosed in Figs. 13 to 18 inclusive; and the idle roller 93 is adj'ustablyv supported from the feeder side frames 80 and 8| as also disclosed in Figs. 13 to 15 inclusive. Y

A cement reservoir ||4 holds a supply of cement, the level of which is indicated at H6. A driven cement pick-up roller ||1, preferably having segments such as ||8, ||9 and |20 which correspond in size and. shape .to the segments |00 and |0| of the transfer roller 92, is rotatably unitary drive mechanism, disclosed in Fig. 8, for

supported within the cement reservoir I4, so that 'it extends below the cementv level i I6 and dips into the cement supply. The surfaces of the segments H0, ||9 and |20 of the cement pick-up roller ||1 substantially contact the surfaces of the segments |00 and |0| o f the cement transfer roller 92 during the rotation of the rollers, so that the pick-up roller H1 carries cement from the reservoir ||4 to the segments l|00 and |0|. Anadjustably mounted stripper |22 removes excess cement from the surfaces of the segments H8, ||9 and |20 of the roller ||1 and controls the amount of cement transferred from the segments of the pick-up roller ||1 to the segments of the transfer roller 92. In the consideration of the cement transfer -roller 92 and the cement pick-up roller ||1, it is worthy of note that it is particularly advantageous to have an odd number l of segments, such as H8, |I9 and |20 on one of the rollers -and an even number of segments, such as |00 and |0| on the cooperating roller, so that the cooperating segments of the two Vrollers 92 and ||1 are-varied in successive'revolutions of the rollers.` The alternate contacting of Vsegments effected by this arrangement prevents cumulative disadvantageous' results that might be` produced by the' .contacting of the same segments at each. revolution, such as the accumuof the rollers.

For consideration .of the fundamental structure of the forming mechanism 6 and the relation between the forming mechanism 6 and feeding mechanism 1, particular reference is made to Figs.v

5 and 6 together iwith Figs. 3 and 4. In the forming mechanism 6, a backing cone or anvil |25 is preferably stationary, although it may be supported through a bearing 4so as to be substantially freely rotatable about a stationaryifsshaft having an axis corresponding to the yconetairls thereof. Although onlya single formingycone might be used in cooperative relation with the backing cone or anvil |25, it is preferable from the standpoint of balance, production speed and efficiency to use a plurality of equiangularly disposed forming cones or mandrels such as |28, |21

and |26 which normally have their conical surfaces substantially tangentially disposed with respect to the conical surface of the backing cone or anvil |25. The forming cone or mandrel |26 is secured to a spindle |30 by a retaining nut |3| ;4

the forming cone or mandrel |21 is secured to Aa spindle |32 by a retaining nut |33, and the forming cone 'or mandrel |28 is secured to a spindle |34 by a retaining nut |35, each of said spindles being substantially axially disposed with respect to its respective forming cone or mandrel and rotatably supported. Besides being axially rotatable with their respective spindles, the forming cones or mandrelsyl, |21 and |28 are mechan-A ically connected and adapted tolbe driven from a movement in a substantially circular path with respect to the backing cone or anvil |25.

The forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 and |28 are preferably made of hardened steel.

These forming cones provide mandrels upon which blanks of sheet stock are Wrapped into containers. The size and shape of the forming cones or mandrels determines the size and shape of the containers that are wrapped'thereon. yIt is understood; as previously indicated, that complete conical containers may be made on thev mandrels as illustrated, and also that other container parts such as the tapered side walls of flat bottom containers may be made on a may chine embodying the same principles and construction. In order that a blank of sheet stock may be completely wrapped into a container during each cycle of movement of each of the forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 and, |28, the surface area of the backing cone or anvil |25 must blank. Although the -axes of the lforming c ones or mandrels |26, |21 and |20 normally pass substantially through the axis of the backing cone, it

.has been found to be advantageous to slightly offset the axes of the forming-cones or mandrels slightly to one side of the other of the axis of the backing cone oranvil to'eifect a tightening of the wrap of the blanks on the forming cones or mandrels.

A plurality of openings such as |31 in Fig. 3 are disposed along the surfaces of the forming cones or mandrels in position to register with the leadassacoc ing portion of the blanks, such as when the formingccnes or mandrels are in position to pick up the blanks and start the formation thereof on the forming cone or mandrel.- The openings |31 are preferably connected through a suitable passage toV axially disposed openings in the spindies, such as |38 in the spindle |30, |39 in the spindle |32 and |40 in the spindle |34. The openings |38, |39 and |40 communicate through suitable passagesvand valves and the pipe 65 shown in Fig. 2 to a suitable vacuum pump. The openings |31, thus connected with a vacuum pump, provide vacuum pick-up ports which hold the blank in the proper position on the forming cone or mandrel during at least one complete wrap of the blank on the forming cone or mandrel. Since the forming cones or mandrels preferably form a container during each cycle of movement, itis preferable that the pitch diameter of the backing cone or anvil |25 is a unitary multiple of the pitch diameter of the forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 and |28. From another point of view. the surface area of the backing cone or anvil |26 should be so related to the surface areas of the forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 and |2 that the forming cones will make a unitary number of revolutions in completing one circular cycle of movement with respect to the surface of the backing cone or anvil |25. lA plurality of openings |42 in the forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 and |28 are preferably located near' the small ends of the forming cones or mandrels and disposed at a suitable angle with respect to the axes of the mandrels. These openings |42 also preferably communicate through the openings |36, |39 and |40 in the spindles with the pipe 66 in Fig. 2 which is connected to an air pressure pump. The openings |42 provide blow ou ports through which air under pressure is passed during a predetermined interval of each cycle of movement of the forming cones or mandrels to remove the formed containers from the forming tality |46 in their circular motion with respect cones or-mandrels and eject those containers into the stacker 8. In one modication of the present invention, which is preferred, the forming cones or mandrels are lifted at a predetermined position during their cycles of movement to permit the formed containers to be blown oil' of the mandrels and into the stacker 8. The position of the raised forming cone or mandrel is illustrated by the forming cone or mandrel |26 in Fig. 3. In another modication of this invention, the necessity of raising the mandrels or moving them away vfrom the backing cone or anvil |25 is eliminated by recessing a portion |44 of the surface of the backing cone or anvil |25, so that there is a clearance between the surfaces of the formed containers and the recessed portion |44 of the surface of the backing cone or anvil |25. The recessed portion |44 of the backing cone or anvil |25 is suiliciently recessed to permit the blowing of the containers from the mandrel by air through the openings |42.l It is also understood that the recessed portion |44 in the surface of the backing' vconical surface thereof.

such as |08, as they are fed from the -feeding mechanism 1 between one of the forming cones or mandrels and the backing cone or anvil |25 to be picked up and formed on the forming cone or mandrel. As is preferable, when the backing cone or anvil |25 is stationary, the locating instrumentality |46 comprises a pin secured to the backing cone or anvil |25 near the apex of the Also, when the backing cone or anvil |25 is stationary. the locating instrumentality |41 vcomprises a member secured to the periphery of the backing cone or anvil by a screw |48 or other suitable fastening means which extendsthrough a slot |49 in the instrumentality |41 so as to be peripherally adjustable by loosening the screw |48. When the backing cone or anvil |25 is rotatably supported on a stationary support, so that it floats with respect to the support, the locating instrumentalities |46 and |41 are supported from the stationary sup- .port for the backing cone or anvil. In this latter case, the locating instrumentality or pin |46 preferably extends through a central opening in thel backing cone orl anvil |25 and the locating instrumentality |41 extends around the surface of the backing cone or anvil |25 from the stationary support. It is the purpose of the locating instrumentalities |46 and |41 to prevent the blank from being turned or skewed to an improper position when it is picked up by the forming cone or mandrel, and to insure proper register of the blanks with the forming cone or mandrel.

The locating instrumentality |46 projecting from the surface of the backing cone or anvil |25 makes it necessary that the points of the forming cones be eliminated, "as at '|50 of thev forming cone or mandrel |26, so that the forming cones or mandrels pass the locating instrumen- .to the backing cone or anvil |25. Also, to prevent congestion at the apex of the forming cone or mandrel i2@ when a plurality of forming cones or mandrels are used, and to prevent rubbing of the points of conical containers as they are formed on the forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 and |28, it is desirable to set the forming cones' or mandrels outwardly in the directionoi' 'the axes of the forming cones or mandrels.

Since it is necessary to maintain the substam.

- of the forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 and |28, the outward placement of the forming cones or mandrels makes necessary a, correction of the included angle of the backing cone or anvil |25 by decreasing that angle in amount such that slippage between the surfaces of the backing cone or anvil |25 and the forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 and |26 is reduced to a minimum on a, line intermediate the axial extremities of the mandrels which preferably substantially circumferentially bisects the forming cone or mandrel surface areas.

A circular cutter |52 is rotatably mounted adjacent the outer fiat surface or base |53 of-the forming cone or mandrel |26 and overlaps the surface |53 to provide a shear for trimming the blanksas they are formed into containers. The circular cutter |52 is driven as shown in Fig. 9 so as to rotate with respect to the forming cone or mandrel |26 and travels with the forming cone or mandrel in its cycle of movement with respect to the backing cone or anvil |25. Similar circular cutters Y|54 and |55 cooperate with the forming cones or mandrels |21'and |28 respecthe length f tion of the turret housing cover plate 62.

6 tively to .trim the blanks thatare forr'ned on those forming cones or mandrels as they are formed.

' The cuttersy |52, |54 and' |55 remove excess portions |56 ofthe blanks. Due to the relative positions of the forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 and |28 with respect to the housing cover plate 52 and an lapron 51 that is secured to the cover plate, the excess portions |56 fall outside of that housing cover Plate 52. l

spect to Fig. 13, kthe feeding mechanism '1 is angularly adjustable to effect this angle of feed with respect to the backing cone or anvil |25. The leading edge of the blank |08 also preferably has a portion 6I which is angularly disposed with respect to the portion |60 of the leading edge. With blanks of the form shown, the blanks are preferably so laterally disposed with respect to the forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 and |28 that the apex of the formed container falls substantially at the apex of the angle formed by the portions |60 and |6| of the leading edge of the blank |08. Both the lateral and angular disposition of the blanks with respect to the forming'and backing cones are factors which vitally affect the constant production of containers that do not leak at the apex. Although itis preferable to feed the blanks such as |08 between the forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 and |28 and the backing cone or anvil |26 with the blank in a plane as nearly tangent as possible to the pitch cone radii of the cooperating conical surfaces. it is necessary, when a plurality of formf ing cones or mandrels are used, to feed the blanks at an angle which permits the forming cone or mandrel which immediately precedes the one to which the blank is being fed to pass between the feeding rollers 91 and 98 and the backing cone or anvil |25. This last mentioned angle of feed is partially controlled by the distance of the feeding rolls 91 and 98 from the surface of the backing cone or anvil and the dimensions of the forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 and |28. Also, the distance of the feeding rollers 91 and 98 from thefline at which the leading edges of the blanks if ar picked up by the forming cone or mandrel is at least partially determined by the blanks; it being recalled that it is preferable for the vacuumpick-up ports of the forming cone or mandrel to engage and secure the position of the blanks just prior to the release of the blanks by the feeding rollers 81 and 88. As previously described in connection with Figs. 1 and 2, the feeding mechanisnrl and stacker 8 are circumferentially adjustable with respect to the backing cone or anvil |25 by rota- With thedisclosed arrangement of the feeder, 1 and stacker 8 with respect to the backing cone or anvil |25, it is convenient to feed the stock through the cutter and feeding mechanism with the roll of stockl disposed at a convenient location on one side of the machine; and in addition to this convenient location of the stock roll, the containers are discharged or ejected downwardly vinto the stacker 8.

For the purpose of illustrating the sequence of `the operations of the different forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 and |28, those forming cones or mandrels are illustrated in a somewhat differy ent position in Figs. 5 and l6 than they are in Figs'. 3 and 4.

Having particular reference to Figs. 5 and 6, the dotted lines I63a indicate the position of the leading edge of the blank that is being formed on the forming cone or mandrel |21 at |631); the dotted line |6311. indicating the position of the blank'at the time it was picked up for formation by the forming cone or mandrel |21. Corresponding to the dotted line |63a, the

dotted line |64a indicates the position of the angularly disposed portion of the leading edge of the blank at the time it was picked up bythe forming cone or mandrel |21, and the line |84b indicates the position of that angularly disposed portion of the leading edge when the blank has been picked up and is in the position of forma-` tion indicated by the corresponding line .of the leading edge of the blank at |63b. By comparison of the lpositions of the lines |64a and l'64b, it will be noted that the blank, as well as being rolled around the forming cone or mandrel |21, has also slipped somewhat with respect tothe backing cone or anvil |25. 4This slippage of the forming cones or mandrels with respect to the backing cone or anvil |25 is a factor, as previously mentioned, which effects tighter wrapping of the blanks on the forming cones or mandrels to further insure the prevention of leaks at the apex of conical containers. The lines |65 and |68 indicate the positions of the sides such as l1@ of blanks being formed on the forming cones or mandrels |28 and |26 respectively in the position of those forming cones or mandrels which are indicated with` respect to the forming cone or mandrel |21. Corresponding to the positions of the sides |85 and |66, the lines |61 anddt indicate the corresponding positions of the angularly disposed portions of the leading edges of the blanks being formed on the forming cones or mandrels |28 and |20 respectively. Also, in Figs. 5 and 6, the line |88 indicates the position ofthe next succeeding blank which is being fed into the forming mechanism 8 at the time the preceding blanks are in the positions shown on the forming cones or mandrels |21, |28 and |28. The line |18 indicates the following edge of the blank having its leading edge indicated at |63b which is in the process of formation, and which has dropped down against the backing cone or anvil |26 ahead of the leading edge '|68 of the succeeding blank; the following portion of which succeeding `blank is indicated as being cut away at |12.

y When one of the forming cones or mandrels |26, |21 or |28 reaches a position intermediate predetermined limits and such as that indicated by the position of the forming cone or mandrel |26 in Fig. 4, air pressure through the ports |62 elects or blows the wrapped container oi of the forming cone or mandrel into the stacker 8 which includes a tubular or cylindrical member |18 which frictionally engages the outer surfaces of the open ends of the containers |18 to hold those containers, as formed, until the cement has suiilciently set or dried. To effect close stacking of the containers |16, driven fingers |11 and |18 engage the open ends of the conical containers and move them` successively downwardly into the tubular or cylindrical memberA |15 and past notched edges such as |18. The containers are 

